Brondby Stadium "Vilfort Park"
As you can tell, the work is plentiful.
The Brondby logo flying to top.
We came from golden green forests
we were apart of the glorious
when we go to bed, dreaming in a haze
Back to the good old days
Lå lå lå lå lå lå lååå
Lå lå lå lå lå lå lååå
Lå lå lå lå lå - lå lå lå lå lå
Back to the good old days
But then we wake up again
go to game at Vestegnen*
after all we are still standing tall
Brondby, its our club
Lå lå lå lå lå lå lååå
Lå lå lå lå lå lå lååå
Lå lå lå lå lå - lå lå lå lå lå
Brondby, its our club
*The location of brandy stadium
---
Proudness is colossal
very unusual
we stand together for our club
brondby if
our will is off steal
one common goal
we stand together for our club
Brondby if
note: Every jumps intact.
---
Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Why don't you ever hear copenhagen
we are yellow
we are blue
we have always been feared like few
Chaotic football derby had consequences. After FCK fans fired flares onto the pitch and created a brake in the game, new rules about away stands are being discussed. The solution has been claimed to be by closing the away stands so no fans can enter that part of the stadium. This might have good intentions, but as Rasmus Trenskow correctly points out, if they were not there the hooligan would just buy ticketcs to the family stands and he does not believe that would make it safer for the family audience.I think that hooliganism is a worldwide phenomenon. I do not believe that hooliganism always have to do with football. I am certain that all of us are hooligans in one-way or another. Hooligans are people that enjoy action, community and pride. It is a way like many others to express you. Hooliganism is at times more severe than others, but in most cases men who likes to get a way from the routine of life. A way of filling some place empty or in other cases just a way to have fun and enjoy being with others in a place where people think a like and act a like. I believe that hooligans should like the football or go somewhere else. I do not think that personal frustrations should ruin the football game. As football hooliganism often is affected by society, I think that it is difficult to prevent as society would have to make much bigger changes on immigration, communities etc.
Having nothing else to write often enhances the medias coverage of football hooliganism. Situations seem similar and the seriousness of one event might affect another, because the scenario seemed comparable. I think it is wrong but also necessary at times to show the violence in an understandable and eye-catching manner. Football violence does appear frequently and people get hurt. Lets try to prevent anyone getting hurt who does not want to. Not just physically but also in the way of ruining a good match or a shop owners windows the next day.
I sadness me that hooliganism or the riots at football games can get out of hand as in Egypt, but these scenarios doesn’t always have to be only about the matches and the pride, but also about society and the former regime in Egypt for an example. The people going to football matches are mostly working class people who are used to being lower than most and therefore having more of a need to escape. I believe that hooliganism can be healthy when the people involved have the right principles and therefore do not hurt anyone, but I believe that the image of fighting still comes through to the younger generation and who knows if they can handle it as well as the people before.
A place where violence exists often attracts other violent groups. When I went to a football match in Paris many of the people I saw belonged more to the rockers after my opinion. ---
I believe in overall that hooliganism can be dangerous but also healthy.
People’s reason of joining the hooligans is varying and I do not believe that hooligans can be considered as unstable, out of control thugs that causes riots every night. I believe the image has been ruined greatly in England, but in Denmark, there is no reason why you shouldn’t be able to stand with the hardest.
I do not believe that hooliganism is the best way to express yourself and release yourself from anger, because it is dangerous and illegal. I believe that hooliganism cannot be stopped; making the stadiums more updated with fences and separate exits would only do so forcing them out.
I do think that the society that you bring your children up in has a lot to do with the chance of them becoming a hooligan. Therefore, children who are in those societies would have to be dawn out of the group because of other interests. A child who likes watching football has a higher tendency of becoming a hooligan to children who has no such interest.
I believe that hooliganism is another interests that are just more dangerous and thrilling than other, but the solution for making your children uninterested in hooliganism will simply by done by helping them finding another interest. As hooliganism isn’t something you do with your everyday friends, I believe that it is easy for a child to not be drawn into it.
The only way that football hooliganism can be prevented is if the hooligans realise on their own that it ruins too much of their personal life’s that it is not worth it. Laws would have to be perfectly restricted as they must not anger the hooligans and frustrate them to do more violence, but to a perfectly annoying point where their life’s are affected and their jobs, so that they would have to stop.
The football register was too much since most fans demonstrated against it and the violence increased outside the stadium, so the fan groups and the clubs should agree on common terms on how to enjoy football matches with songs and no violence and not allow hooligans in the stadium.
In Egypt around 75 including one policeman were killed when football fans invaded the pitch after an unusual home-win against the best team in Egypt "Al-Ahly." The absence of police was catastrophic and this was due to the last year’s revolution where the army was made in charge of the security. Most people died of suffocation or being crushed and not by fighting or actual violence
Here is a reference to another blog concerning violent behaviour and the psychology behind. The author discusses the different views on hooliganism and how psychologists have approach the question, ”how you become a hooligan.” They have tried to explain through two different perspectives, an individual approach, with individual differences variables as believing in violence as good. The other concerns the social identity, which suggests that people become violent when they feel anonymous in certain situations and lack accountability therefore weaker and unbalanced judgements.
http://crimepsychblog.com/?p=1468
"Psychology and Crime News." / Football Hooliganism: Comparing Self-awareness and Social Identity Theory Explanations. Web. 03 Oct. 2011.
Henning Eichberg, Centre of research in sport, health and civil society at Syddansk University
The fan group Copenhagen Lads send in 2004 a recommendation to the church ministry asking permission to become recognized as a community. This was also meant as a joke but as Coubertin said that the Olympic sport was ”the athletes religion” without irony. Religion and violence doesn’t go hand in hand or maybe does.
The first sign of hooliganism was in the 1960’s where the hooligan was compared to the youth cultural trends, as teds, mods and rockers. British sociologists said that hooligans were a part of the rougher part of the working class. You always feared that hooliganism would spread to Denmark, but it never happened. In stead the roligan was invented in the start of the 1980’s as a peaceful supporter. The roligan could be drinking just as much as the hooligan but shows no aggression. Here followed the nationalistic feeling as football was like going to a carnival. It was in the beginning of the 1990’s that hooliganism came to Denmark as unofficial supporter groups were made to take distance from the official fan groups. Inspired by the Italians, the ultras were making tifo’s, which were big banners in various colours and motifs of the heroes or making a fool of the opposition. The name ultra was taken from the 1960’s left radical movements in Italy and from their right extremist sidepiece, the new fascists. The casuals support groups were inspired from the 1970’s Liverpool groups where it was becoming a fashion to use football events to rob clothes stores for expensive fashionable clothing – Lacoste, Armani, Burberry. These brands were known as causal brands. Casuals were strictly hierarchical built and leader managed groups who could arrange fights against other casual groups according to known rules. This regulated violence in male groups can be explained through the supporter’s background in the working class, but you staged yourself as a well-dressed middleclass and develop self-understanding as an elite fan. Politically viewed most of the casuals are right winged, but the group is not political.
New tribalism and a kick in the everyday
In common the fan cultures have the passion for the game. They do not just stand and watch passively but are actors in the sports atmosphere. Through their atmospheric embossing supporter practise at stadium they build an intense identification with the club. The unofficial supporters see themselves as the better and more authentic representation of the club than the randomly selected players. The supporter’s self-understanding are easily viewed through a statistical survey with almost 2000 respondents. But the fan cultures dynamic build up to more than just a research on the supporter’s opinions, it demands a philosophical reflection and here in death going interviews can help (Joern 2007). The supporter’s atmosphere creates a special kick or rush in peoples boring everyday. The fan culture can successfully by compared to the once modern carnival, which Mikhail Bahktin have written as an expression for a interpersonal alternate world against church authorities and the everyday and as a sort of popular opposition. But in force of its temporary character stabilised the carnival and confirmed the established order, as Umberto Eco critically has objected. The supporter’s symbolic aggressions and regulated violence can even in big parts be understood as a part in a ritual tribe war as also have anthropological aspects. This confirms what the sociologist Michel Maffesoli has described as the modern days new tribalization. There are in the mean time more participants at the football field than supporters. The media plays an important role, nevertheless through their labelling of the supporters as dangerous hooligans. And the police practice signal politics through preventive arrests of people, who usually is viewed as being# out of medical assistance.” These image depictions and actions are understood as provocations towards the fans. And the provocation is not even under the new tribal relation an unwelcomed gesture. - This can help the kick.- And it can be the cause of dangerous escalations. The research makes us smarter on fans and their cultures – fan cultures in plural. The hooligan term overshadows the supporter’s structured diversity. Fans are not “other people,” which the media and police often portray them as – they must be understood from the perspective of our social relations normality. This also means that you should be warned against using overdriven political correctness on the ritual threat gestures. A deeper understanding off the “incorrect” in the support culture could have practical consequences for lowering both fan and police violence. And what is then religion? Concerning the football sport quasi-religious dimension, the answers aren’t that simple. Sport is not a religion, concludes Lise Joerns book after closer consideration and interpretation of various theories. Sport is sooner a religion replacement. The support culture has with people’s obsession and devotion to do, with the seeking after intensity, with atmosphere, songs and other practices and experiences that crosses the limits.
Fan culture does not just suggest what sport is but also what religion is. In the religion sociology is often written to theories oppositely -The substantial and the functional. Traditionally viewed, you see religion as a certain substance, organised around an essential core, which have to do with believe, Godness or the holly. The sport has nothing to do with this. In contrast, has the sociological functionalism interest in our religions function: the people integrated though common values in a certain community. The explanation goes top-down and has therefore difficulty with reaching the religious dimensions as deviation, rebellion, alternative culture and decoupling. The supporter research suggests a third dimension: religion is a certain form of social-bodily practices and experience in movement – a common doing, songs and ritual repetitions exceed the daily utilitarian-world. Maybe there was more religion in the middle age carnivals and self organised rituals than in the established church? In that case, the way for the fan culture to strong common motions towards religion is still long. Likewise, the sports study can add the human science new insights, as it can’t get from elsewhere – about people in movement, peoples emotional need and living religion.
When the aggressive Irish Patrick Hooligan torn his surroundings with drinking, fighting and thefts in the 1800 was he little aware of the fact that he would put name to the violent subculture for rabid football fans according to writer Clarence Rooks in Hooligan Nights.
As Liverpool manager Bill Shankly once said,” football is not a matter of life and death, it’s much more important that that.”
It is a lifestyle and a case of honour. This English hooligan culture gave them a bad reputation after exclusions from other European stadium, which took them a long time to recover from.
The English firms made gentlemen agreements for how the fights would be done and situated. The rules were agreed and the fights would then go on until one group was defeated which gave good reputation to the winning team.
Hooliganism is known as the “English sickness.” This refers to the organised football related violence between rival football fans, which mostly have originated in England and after episodes with English fans around in Europe. Vandalism and vandalism is one of the major aspects of their actions, which make the notorious reputation what it is. It originated around 1985 in England and evolved across borders as football became more popular.
A person can have different grader of emotional involvement, which can be, vary. It is not a stationary and insensitive relation, that a person during a match can be varied between emotional involvements. This engagement is different from fan to fan and how much football are a part of your everyday and the age of the person. The behaviour can vary from the applauding to a constant engagement and involvement in common actions.
Amount of emotional involvement
Spectator
Fan
- roligan
Supporter
- ultras
- casuals
- hooligan
In the Danish support culture only Brondby football has a paid president, where all others are voluntary and the support groups earn money through membership and souvenirs.
The biggest role of the president is to agree on guidelines for what behaviour is allowed. The president also arranges buses for away games and parties. The members of the groups are mostly youngsters with the average age on 22 where most are men. The more shocking aspect is that whole 15 percent are female which is very uncommon in other countries.
Many people have the prejudice that supporters come from the working class, but the supports occupational composition goes against that. Half of the supporters live at their parents, which makes them economically independent.
p. 25 table.
Parents jobs in percentage
--- Father - Mother
Studying o% - 2%
Uneducated worker 6% - 12%
Educated worker 26% - 16%
Lower functionary/official 7% - 18%
Higher functionary/official 29% - 23%
Independent 17% - 10%
Unemployed 15% - 19%
(N=376 and 388) 100% - 100%
According to Peter Grønlund, football specialist and author, believe the 4 elements: atmosphere, community, lifestyle, identity and rituals and myths, is what makes support groups attractive. The mood experiences and the community can be seen as direct motifs to become a supporter whilst lifestyle/identity and rituals /myths can be seen as sub-elements. The lifestyle is the engagement as supporter whilst the rituals confirms the community and therefore enhances the mood experiences. These aspects connect together independent from each other.
65 percent of supporters prefer to attend a match where their team is loosing but the atmosphere is good instead of the other way around. The new members are more focused on the atmosphere than the once that have been their longer who is more into the match. This counts especially of r lower or higher functionaries.
You could say that the supporters override there won personality at the same time as the personal identity floats together with the others and therefore creates a collective identity.
The modern peoples challenges right now is to create your identity. The society is characterized by a individualising process, where everybody a higher number of individual opportunities to realise your own life project. To conclude, the supporters could choose to be supporters or not, just as they can decide how big a part of their life it will take. The economic boundaries aren’t big and everybody have a possibility to become a supporter.
The community they mostly seek is the wide community where they only meet with the other supporters at the matches. Today we mostly seek communities a short period of time because we mostly go from one community to another because we choose communities where we can accomplish something. People seek a rush in the supporter culture or at least something different from the everyday.
As a replacement for the traditional social relations in family religion and politics, new communities are created. Through the close and intimate relations to other supporters, obtains the single individual a form for personal satisfaction, which helps them feel secure. We all need people we can trust and to obtain personal confidence it is necessary to open you to others, which is best obtain by exhibit warmth and openness. We share our identity and intimate with others and if this bond is broken consequences will be severe.
Hooliganism consists of different communities where from the people can be anywhere from 17 to 70. The fights are unlike your everyday verbal fights, which therefore can help you get away from reality and have an out lead for your worries. Football is like society because people need football to take their aggression out on and is therefore popular from varying age-groups.
You obtain a certain reputation and people remember your face and make it impossible for you to go in certain areas. “There were some people from North London that knew me and made me unable to go to White Hart Lane. Hooliganism didn’t give my any family problems, but it does affect your professional life because you create another identity, which makes you feel like you are two separate people with separate needs.” (Football fan) This shows the good/responsible and the bad/irresponsible side where one side sometimes appear more tempting than the other. “The temptation is walking with two hundreds people and gaining a buzz. There is a certain risk to it, but the temptation is so dominant because you feel like the king of the world, but you reach a point in your life where you cannot afford to let the football affect your work and that’s when you realize that you must stop.” (Football fan)
It appears that this lifestyle can affect the football experience for an average bystander, but as my source explains it is important to have principles and therefore not hurting innocent football fans. “I have my principles and you do not go to cause trouble or hurt anybody innocent and unwilling of receiving a punch. “(Football fan) Less fair is it when you are on your own and are getting knocked down by your enemies. These hooligans doesn’t seem to have as many boundaries and responsible barriers and often the once that creates a lot of fuzz.
“I have tried to be knocked to the ground by several people when being on my own and you suddenly realize that the protection and safety you get from being in your group is valuable. It is fantastic to have each others backs and be able to help your friends. “(Football fan)
“In big matches for example against Manchester or Liverpool, you get bricks thrown at you, but you don’t care when your young.”(Football fan) It creates an atmosphere where your fully awareness is crucial when you must avoid getting hid. You cannot stress out, but remember to use your fear constructively against your enemy and this makes the fight scenes very dramatic and brutal. This part of the football culture is unstoppable as long as football stays popular. It is a part of the football culture to have the fans humiliating the other fans and maintain their pride and without it football wouldn’t have the same drama ongoing. “Football will always have rivalry. It is tribal and that’s why Arsenal will always hate Tottenham and why knowing your territory is important so you don’t get into trouble.”(Football fan)
Millwall is known as a very racist team and have the highest tendency of getting arrested. This might be explained by the long history that is trying to be maintained and the tribal look on things where you stick to old tradition of being white and showing that their the same and therefore have an unbreakable relation and sees each others as brothers.
The media often depicts situations more dramatically than they are and in some cases mentions less dramatic events more serious. “The media said that black fans are more careful in Ukraine, to hype the situation and therefore hoping to create some sort of story that can sell papers.”(Football fan) Journalists often generalize hooligans and that can be hard to get around that stereotypical view created by the media.
The media would after my opinion have given my the impression that hooligans are physically violent on everyday basis, but according to my source he has learnt not to make people bother him, but he can get in argument and fight verbally, but does not solve conflicts using violence.
"Interview Football Fan." Telephone interview. 25 Jan. 2012.
Hooligans can stand out as a threat towards social values and interests, which is being covered stereotypically by the media, where the right winged thinkers, let their moral standpoints understood. This lets the hooligans stand at court to a judgemental referee that makes “inform” decisions using their intellectual, but non-based knowledge take side without knowing the truth.
The sudden angst and panic created by a certain situation, that more likely to be a speculation, make people seek to the higher anarchy to find a quick resolution to quiet down the media and people for the moment.
The memory will at times remember the fear and panic created at the times of sudden fright. The remembrance can also be less dominant when being faced towards a new and similar occasion, because of a less dramatic description of events by the media. The people notice the reoccurring events and prefer the more violent and serious matters, where hooligans are brought in the picture. These young Mods and rockers interfere with the næthinden and leave a memory of chaotic and destructive behaviour that is intolerable. This is a position as folk devils, described by Stanley Cohen in “Folk Devils and Moral Panics.”
It’s a case of juvenile bandits that are the causation of moral panics in the public space, which bizarrely is not often visible. These collective movements of young fascists who’s is as animalistic viewed tries to escape from something and therefore seek something in common, where as a result fashion and styles are a part of the culture.
The medias idealistic view on hooliganism has made the hooligans suffer much more, because they are labelled as a phenomenon, which can be identified by the public and therefore easily be thought of as “irresponsible, immature and lacking respect for authority.” The people have made their standpoint and so has the media. Hooliganism is an interesting topic and now become internal enemies with the intention of damaging the reputation of the country.
It is nothing but chronic restlessness that is no good for society.
This is the right winged viewpoint, which consists of the respected leaders of the nation.
They generalize the groups and degrade them as much as possible, because of bedreviden. This is what the youth is fighting against. An old way of controlling and ruling people which at times goes too far and is the causation of riots and vandalism. It’s the same every generation have been fighting against.
Book Source 4 Stanley Cohen, “Folk Devils and Moral Panics,” Third Edition: Routledge, 2002, (print)
In this post I refer to an Internet site that gives a good idea of the many hooligan firms and the different countries involved. This site is against any form of violence and only a site for enlightenment.Millwall Bushwackers are one of the notorious hooligan firms from London. They have been involved in more incidents than any others. The club has many critics, but they do not care as song in the chant, “No one likes us, we don’t care.”
You can read more about incidents and clashes at: http://www.football-hooligans.org/millwall-bushwackers-hooligans.html
West Ham Hooligans ICF – Inter City Firm. This is another London firm, which has taken its name from the rail network when travelling to other firms for fighting. The firm are famous for leaving a note saying, “Congratulations, You have just met the IFC.” This would be after crashing a pub or beating other firms.
West Ham are often used in films such as Hooligans where Millwall play an important role, but also in the movie Cass, describing Cass Pennants way to the leading position of the firm taking in mind his colour and the racism in many of the firms including Millwall.
Read more on: http://www.football-hooligans.org/westham-intercityfirm-hooligans.html
Other notorious hooligan firms:
Man Utd red army
Birmingham Zulus
Leeds service crew
Chelsea Head-hunters
Football hooliganism can be affected by society and this was the case as the communistic regime in Poland collapsed in the 1990’s. This meant a rise in unemployment and a failed economy, which were the causation of many young and frustrated men who had to cope through violence. This helped the increase of hooligans in Poland and today known as one of the most notorious countries of hooliganism.
Most countries affected by hooliganism have a history of economy failure, undereducated and unemployment.
Read more about these countries on: http://www.football-hooligans.org/countries.html
Website source 2 "Football Hooligans." Football Hooligans. Copyright 2008-2012, Web. 15 Mar. 2012.
My first hooliganism face off
http://science.howstuffworks.com/crack3.htm
As shown on the image above, the production centre for dopamine affects big parts of your brain. These parts can make you addicted and affect your behaviour. It is the rush feeling you get when attending football matches or fighting. You can get the same feeling through sex and chocolate etc.
Violent people can be found everywhere, but some places more regularly, because the communities allow it. People are violent or have a violent attitude towards conflict, because the civilians have been used to crime and low living standards where they would have to protect themselves, so as a defence they learn how to provoke violence in their children to defend themselves and violence become a part of their life. This is the case in the city of Potosi in Bolivia where the local people practice the Tinku, which is the form of ritual conflict. The upbringing has definitely an impact on the rate of people using violence as defence mechanism but this is simply cultural. This is for many of us very different from our part of the world, where I was raised with the message that violence cannot solve anything good. This does not stop people from being violent in the more developed parts of the world, where People from good backgrounds join gangs and practice violence to gain respect of just for sake of doing it and experiencing a rush. In the documentary “How violent are you” the interviewer talks to ex-hooligan Danny Brown, who justifies his need of violence to be a sort of a drug for him. He had never felt the need of taking drugs and he isn’t a good drinker, but standing in front of a marching crowd is what got him going and feeling the adrenaline rush. I believe It might be that Danny Brown was born with certain genes that makes violence more suitable to him and therefore have made him an addict because of the need he felt to experience that rush he got. .
These two examples of people/groups are for me very different, but have same behaviour patterns, which are triggered because of different reasons. The Bolivians practice violence to learn how to protect them in an unsafe environment where it is more like animals in the wilderness, whilst the hooligans do it because it is fun, exciting and they get an adrenaline kick.
Strom, Jim. "How to Control Dopamine | EHow.com." EHow | How to Videos, Articles & More - Discover the Expert in You. | EHow.com. Web. 12 Nov. 2011
How Violent are you, Michael Portillo, BBC documentaries, 12 Nov. 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00kk4bz
Statistics on football-related arrests and banning orders
Season 2009-10
According to statistics given, the amount of arrests have decreased in most areas except in situations where in 2009-2010 some games have a higher average of violence caused by the teams attending and their fans. Therefore I most conclude that in overall the football arrests have decreased greatly and therefore less violence has occurred.
If you look at tendecies of football arrests certain clubs and certain leagues have a higher percentage. The higher divisons have a higher amount of arrests since more people follow and attend these matches so naturally the posbility of hooliganism is higher.
The clubs with the most arrests have mostly a history with hooliganism and the statistics shows that clearly. Teams like leeds, Cardiff, Man utd and Millwall are usual in the lead, but in some cases like Grimsby Town has 45 arrests is higher than united leeds and Cardiff.
These data are presented in the stats for football binning orders.
Man Utd, chelsea and west ham have the highest amount in the premier league whilst Cardiff and Newcastle have the highest in Championship and again Leeds and Millwaal the highest in League One.
In this case Grimsby is far from Man Utds 165 arrests in total to their 49.
http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/publications/crime/football-arrests-banning-orders/fbo-2009-10?view=Binary
This was the first sign of hooliganism in Denmark according to the media. After this day, chaos and arrests at football matches have characterized as football hooliganism.
From Brondby support iniative, a march from Copenhagen central station to FCK stadium was set up for the second time. Approx. 2000 fans attended to what was supposed to have been peaceful. Many under the influence of alcohol broke in to ceveral stores and broke signs, bikes and car windows on their way, which made it difficult for the people in charge of the march.
18.30
When the fans arrive only 4 gates have opened which creates slight chaos and builds up the tension in the crowd.
19.35
A fight between two brondby fans occur during the half time and fck crew members are patient but must interrupt and try and prevent the spreading, but the bordonby fans do not appreciate the attendance of fck staff member on their stand so fights start and police officers must go in. One fans is arrested.
20.45
FCK wins the derby 2-1 and frustrated brøndby “fans” starts burning seats and are therefore being escorted out before the fck fans, which again create turbulence.
21.00
After the match, brondby fans are still very aggressive and looking for situation where they can express their feelings about the result. Whilst these fans are still around the stadium, the fck fans are let out too early and the police must therefore quickly navigate the brondby fans to a place called the Triangle not far away. Meanwhile the fck fans are getting annoyed with being hold back that small fights appear.
23.00
Of the 22 arrested, 20 were løsladt on the same evening and the last two were løsladt the next morning with too little evidence.
The medias dramatic headlines the next day was caused by the unusual seat burnings and Friday fights which the police and fck arrangører wasn’t geared for.
Damsgaard, Kenneth, “Det handler ikke om at vinde,” Forlaget Hovedland, Bo Smith-Uniths, 1997, (Print)
